:root {
  --ku-red: #8a1538;
  --ku-red-deep: #5f0b24;
  --ku-red-dark: #350512;
  --ku-red-soft: #f6e8ed;
  --ku-gold: #c7a45d;
  --ink: #191919;
  --text: #333333;
  --muted: #777777;
  --line: #e5e5e5;
  --paper: #f7f7f7;
  --white: #ffffff;
  --shadow: 0 18px 48px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.14);
}

.professor-page .team-section,
.researcher-page .team-section,
.alumni-page .team-section {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.035) 0 22%, transparent 22% 100%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, #ffffff 0%, #fbf7f8 52%, #ffffff 100%);
}

.professor-page .team-section::before,
.researcher-page .team-section::before,
.alumni-page .team-section::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  background:
    linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 0 48%, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.045) 48% 48.35%, transparent 48.35% 100%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, transparent 0 72%, rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.08) 72% 72.4%, transparent 72.4% 100%);
}

.professor-page .team-section > *,
.researcher-page .team-section > *,
.alumni-page .team-section > * {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.professor-page .member-section-title,
.researcher-page .member-section-title,
.alumni-page .member-section-title {
  justify-items: center;
  text-align: center;
}

.professor-page .member-section-title span,
.researcher-page .member-section-title span,
.alumni-page .member-section-title span {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
}

.professor-page .member-section-title span::before,
.researcher-page .member-section-title span::before,
.alumni-page .member-section-title span::before {
  content: "";
  width: 34px;
  height: 3px;
  background: var(--ku-gold);
}

.professor-page .member-section-title h2,
.researcher-page .member-section-title h2,
.alumni-page .member-section-title h2 {
  max-width: 840px;
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

.principal-profile {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(280px, 360px) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 0;
  align-items: stretch;
  max-width: 1120px;
  min-height: 520px;
  padding: 0;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.94);
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.14);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 28px 80px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.14);
  overflow: hidden;
}

.principal-photo {
  min-height: 520px;
  height: 100%;
  border-right: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.24);
  box-shadow: inset 0 -120px 100px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.22);
  transition: transform 260ms ease, filter 260ms ease;
}

.principal-profile:hover .principal-photo {
  filter: saturate(1.08) contrast(1.03);
  transform: scale(1.015);
}

.principal-copy {
  display: grid;
  align-content: center;
  gap: 14px;
  padding: clamp(34px, 5vw, 64px);
  text-align: left;
}

.principal-copy h2 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-size: clamp(2.1rem, 4vw, 3.5rem);
  line-height: 1;
}

.principal-copy h3 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(1.15rem, 2vw, 1.55rem);
}

.principal-copy p {
  max-width: 640px;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1.02rem;
}

.principal-copy ul {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 10px;
  margin: 18px 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.principal-copy li {
  min-height: 58px;
  padding: 13px 15px;
  color: var(--text);
  background: #fff8fa;
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.14);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--ku-gold);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.profile-highlight-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 18px;
  width: min(1120px, 100%);
  margin: -14px auto 10px;
}

.profile-highlight-grid article {
  min-height: 210px;
  padding: 28px;
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.12);
  border-top: 4px solid var(--ku-red);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 18px 44px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.08);
  transition: border-color 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease;
}

.profile-highlight-grid article:hover {
  border-top-color: var(--ku-gold);
  box-shadow: 0 26px 58px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.14);
  transform: translateY(-6px);
}

.profile-highlight-grid span {
  display: block;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.profile-highlight-grid h3 {
  margin: 12px 0 10px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1.22rem;
}

.profile-highlight-grid p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.profile-timeline {
  max-width: 1120px;
  gap: 18px;
}

.profile-timeline article {
  position: relative;
  grid-template-columns: 230px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 34px;
  padding: 28px 30px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.1);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 14px 36px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.06);
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: border-color 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease;
}

.profile-timeline article::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 5px;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--ku-red), var(--ku-gold));
}

.profile-timeline article:hover {
  border-color: rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.22);
  box-shadow: 0 22px 52px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.12);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.profile-timeline h3 {
  color: var(--ku-red-dark);
}

.member-filter-tools {
  padding: 10px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.82);
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.1);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 14px 34px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.06);
}

.member-filter-tools .filter-button {
  border-radius: 6px;
  transition: background 200ms ease, box-shadow 200ms ease, color 200ms ease, transform 200ms ease;
}

.member-filter-tools .filter-button:hover,
.member-filter-tools .filter-button:focus-visible,
.member-filter-tools .filter-button.active {
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.12);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.researcher-count {
  text-align: center;
}

.member-directory {
  max-width: 1120px;
  gap: 88px 30px;
}

.member-profile {
  isolation: isolate;
  height: 460px;
  min-height: 460px;
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.055) 0 32%, transparent 32% 100%),
    var(--white);
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.13);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 16px 38px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.08);
  transition: border-color 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease;
}

.member-profile::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  left: 0;
  height: 5px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--ku-red), var(--ku-gold));
  z-index: -1;
}

.member-profile:hover {
  border-color: rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.28);
  box-shadow: 0 26px 58px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.14);
  transform: translateY(-8px);
}

.member-profile .member-photo {
  border: 6px solid var(--white);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 34px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.18);
  transition: transform 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease;
}

.member-profile:hover .member-photo {
  box-shadow: 0 22px 42px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.22);
  transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(-4px) scale(1.03);
}

.member-profile-copy {
  grid-template-rows: auto auto minmax(132px, 1fr) auto;
}

.member-profile strong {
  color: var(--ku-red-dark);
  font-size: 1.28rem;
}

.member-profile-copy span {
  display: inline-flex;
  justify-self: center;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 30px;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  background: #fff4f7;
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.12);
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.member-profile-copy p {
  background: rgba(247, 247, 247, 0.58);
  border-top-color: rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.12);
}

.alumni-list {
  max-width: 1120px;
  gap: 26px;
}

.alumni-card {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 340px;
  padding: 36px 28px 30px;
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.055) 0 30%, transparent 30% 100%),
    var(--white);
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.13);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 16px 38px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.08);
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: border-color 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease;
}

.alumni-card::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  left: 0;
  height: 5px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--ku-gold), var(--ku-red));
}

.alumni-card:hover {
  border-color: rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.28);
  box-shadow: 0 26px 58px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.14);
  transform: translateY(-8px);
}

.alumni-photo {
  border: 6px solid var(--white);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 34px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.18);
  transition: transform 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease;
}

.alumni-card:hover .alumni-photo {
  box-shadow: 0 22px 42px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.22);
  transform: translateY(-4px) scale(1.03);
}

.alumni-card strong {
  color: var(--ku-red-dark);
  font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.alumni-card span {
  display: inline-flex;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  background: #fff4f7;
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.12);
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: 0.84rem;
}

.alumni-card p {
  margin: 8px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .principal-profile,
  .profile-highlight-grid,
  .profile-timeline article {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .principal-photo {
    min-height: 420px;
  }

  .principal-copy ul {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .profile-highlight-grid {
    margin-top: 0;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 680px) {
  .principal-profile {
    min-height: 0;
  }

  .principal-photo {
    min-height: 360px;
  }

  .principal-copy {
    padding: 28px;
  }

  .profile-highlight-grid article,
  .profile-timeline article,
  .alumni-card {
    padding: 24px;
  }

  .member-profile,
  .member-directory .member-profile {
    height: auto;
    min-height: 440px;
  }
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--text);
  background: var(--white);
  font-family: Arial, "Noto Sans KR", "Apple SD Gothic Neo", sans-serif;
  line-height: 1.55;
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

button {
  font: inherit;
}

.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  top: -100px;
  left: 16px;
  z-index: 100;
  padding: 10px 14px;
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
}

.skip-link:focus {
  top: 12px;
}

.utility-bar {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.86);
  background: var(--ku-red-dark);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
}

.utility-inner {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 18px;
  width: min(1220px, calc(100% - 36px));
  min-height: 38px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
}

.utility-inner a:hover {
  color: var(--white);
}

.utility-spacer {
  flex: 1;
}

.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 70;
  background: var(--white);
  box-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}

.header-inner {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  width: min(1220px, calc(100% - 36px));
  min-height: 92px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.ku-brand {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 18px;
  min-width: 0;
}

.brand-logo-group {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  flex: 0 0 auto;
}

.ku-logo-frame {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 74px;
  min-height: 74px;
  padding: 7px;
  background: #350710;
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.18);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 30px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.12);
}

.ku-logo-frame--university {
  width: 174px;
  min-height: 74px;
  padding: 0;
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.ku-logo-frame--lab {
  width: 86px;
  background: rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.035);
  border-color: rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.2);
}

.ku-logo {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
  max-height: 60px;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.ku-logo-university {
  max-width: 154px;
  max-height: 52px;
}

.lab-logo-mark {
  border-radius: 3px;
  max-height: 64px;
}

.lab-title {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto minmax(0, 1fr);
  grid-template-areas:
    "mark name"
    "mark tagline";
  column-gap: 3px;
  row-gap: 2px;
  align-items: center;
  padding-left: 18px;
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.lab-title-heading {
  display: contents;
}

.lab-title-mark {
  grid-area: mark;
  display: block;
  width: 84px;
  height: 62px;
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  object-fit: contain;
  filter: drop-shadow(0 2px 4px rgba(95, 11, 36, 0.16));
}

.lab-title strong {
  grid-area: name;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 2.2vw, 1.6rem);
  line-height: 1.12;
}

.lab-title .lab-tagline {
  grid-area: tagline;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.nav-toggle {
  display: none;
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  padding: 0;
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 4px;
}

.nav-toggle span {
  display: block;
  width: 20px;
  height: 2px;
  margin: 4px auto;
  background: var(--ink);
}

.primary-nav {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  min-height: 96px;
  background: rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.9);
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  transition: background 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease;
}

.site-header:hover .primary-nav,
.site-header.is-scrolled .primary-nav {
  background: rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.98);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 34px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.16);
}

.primary-nav > a {
  position: relative;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  place-items: center;
  min-width: 190px;
  padding: 32px 38px;
  color: var(--white);
  font-size: 1.18rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  border-left: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16);
  background: transparent;
  transition: background 180ms ease, color 180ms ease;
}

.primary-nav > a:last-child {
  border-right: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16);
}

.primary-nav > a::after {
  position: absolute;
  right: 36px;
  bottom: -1px;
  left: 36px;
  height: 5px;
  content: "";
  background: var(--ku-gold);
  opacity: 0;
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: 50% 50%;
  transition: opacity 220ms ease, transform 280ms cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.8, 0.2, 1);
}

.primary-nav > a:hover,
.primary-nav > a:focus-visible,
.primary-nav > a.is-active {
  background: var(--ku-red-deep);
}

.primary-nav > a:hover::after,
.primary-nav > a:focus-visible::after,
.primary-nav > a.is-active::after {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

.nav-parent span {
  margin-left: 8px;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.subnav-strip {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  min-height: 0;
  background: rgba(6, 10, 18, 0.94);
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  overflow: hidden;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(-8px);
  transition: opacity 200ms ease, min-height 200ms ease, transform 200ms ease;
}

.subnav-strip.is-visible {
  min-height: 66px;
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.subnav-set {
  display: none;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0;
}

.subnav-set.is-active {
  display: flex;
}

.subnav-set a {
  min-width: 150px;
  padding: 20px 26px;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.76);
  font-weight: 800;
  text-align: center;
  transition: color 180ms ease, background 180ms ease, transform 180ms ease;
}

.subnav-set a:hover,
.subnav-set a:focus-visible {
  color: var(--white);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.page-panel {
  min-height: 54vh;
}

.page-panel.is-active {
  animation: page-reveal 520ms ease both;
}

.page-panel:not(.is-active) {
  display: none;
}

.home-dot-nav {
  position: fixed;
  top: clamp(112px, 50dvh, calc(100dvh - 112px));
  right: clamp(8px, 1.4vw, 22px);
  z-index: 65;
  display: grid;
  gap: clamp(8px, 1.35dvh, 13px);
  max-height: calc(100dvh - 112px);
  transform: translateY(-50%);
}

body:not([data-active-page="home"]) .home-dot-nav {
  display: none;
}

[data-home-section] {
  scroll-margin-top: 160px;
}

.home-dot-nav button {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: clamp(9px, 0.9vw, 13px);
  height: clamp(9px, 0.9vw, 13px);
  padding: 0;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.82);
  border: 2px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.42);
  border-radius: 999px;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 22px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.16);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background 200ms ease, border-color 200ms ease, transform 200ms ease;
}

.home-dot-nav button::after {
  position: absolute;
  width: clamp(22px, 2.1vw, 29px);
  height: clamp(22px, 2.1vw, 29px);
  border: 1px solid rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.54);
  border-radius: 999px;
  content: "";
  opacity: 0;
  scale: 0.6;
  transition: opacity 220ms ease, scale 220ms ease;
}

.home-dot-nav button span {
  position: absolute;
  right: 28px;
  padding: 6px 10px;
  color: var(--white);
  background: rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.88);
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  opacity: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  translate: 8px 0;
  white-space: nowrap;
  transition: opacity 180ms ease, translate 180ms ease;
}

.home-dot-nav button:hover,
.home-dot-nav button:focus-visible,
.home-dot-nav button.is-active {
  background: var(--ku-gold);
  border-color: var(--white);
  transform: scale(1.15);
}

.home-dot-nav button:hover::after,
.home-dot-nav button:focus-visible::after,
.home-dot-nav button.is-active::after {
  opacity: 1;
  scale: 1;
}

.home-dot-nav button:hover span,
.home-dot-nav button:focus-visible span {
  opacity: 1;
  translate: 0 0;
}

.hero {
  --hero-image: url("assets/hero-nanobioengineering.jpeg");
  --hero-shift-x: 0px;
  --hero-shift-y: 0px;
  --hero-slider-x: 0px;
  --hero-slider-y: 0px;
  position: relative;
  min-height: clamp(760px, 92dvh, 940px);
  overflow: hidden;
  color: var(--white);
  background:
    linear-gradient(110deg, rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.92), rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.76) 48%, rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.54)),
    var(--hero-image);
  background-position: center, calc(50% + var(--hero-shift-x)) calc(50% + var(--hero-shift-y));
  background-size: auto, cover;
  animation: hero-drift 18s ease-in-out infinite alternate;
}

.hero::before {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  content: "";
  background:
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.95) 0%, rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.72) 42%, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.28) 100%),
    repeating-linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08) 0 1px, transparent 1px 112px);
}

.hero::after {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  content: "";
  background: linear-gradient(115deg, transparent 0 43%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12) 49%, transparent 55% 100%);
  opacity: 0.62;
  pointer-events: none;
  transform: translateX(-70%);
  animation: hero-sweep 8s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.hero-canvas,
.hero-red-field {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
}

.hero-canvas {
  opacity: 0.2;
}

.hero-red-field {
  z-index: 1;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 82% 18%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18), transparent 26%),
    linear-gradient(140deg, transparent 0 58%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08) 58% 74%, transparent 74%);
}

.hero-content {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 420px;
  gap: 56px;
  align-items: end;
  width: min(1220px, calc(100% - 36px));
  min-height: clamp(640px, 84dvh, 820px);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: clamp(78px, 10dvh, 112px) 0 clamp(86px, 11dvh, 124px);
  transform: translate3d(var(--hero-shift-x), calc(var(--hero-shift-y) - 34px), 0);
  transition: transform 220ms ease;
}

.hero-kicker,
.section-kicker {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ku-gold);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.hero-corner-logo-box {
  --hero-logo-opacity: 0.16;
  position: absolute;
  top: clamp(112px, 17dvh, 176px);
  left: max(28px, calc(50% - 610px - 122px));
  z-index: 64;
  display: block;
  width: 27%;
  min-height: 519px;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  opacity: var(--hero-logo-opacity);
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  filter:
    drop-shadow(0 24px 44px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.18))
    drop-shadow(0 0 28px rgba(225, 160, 147, 0.22));
  mix-blend-mode: screen;
  pointer-events: auto;
  padding: 24px;
  font-size: 16px;
  transform: translate(-260px, -148px);
  will-change: opacity, filter, translate;
}

.hero-corner-logo {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.hero-logo-badge {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 112px;
  height: 112px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  padding: 10px;
  background:
    linear-gradient(145deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.03)),
    rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.52);
  border: 1px solid rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.36);
  box-shadow:
    0 22px 58px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24),
    inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
}

.hero-logo-badge img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.hero h1 {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-block;
  max-width: 790px;
  margin: 12px 0 24px;
  font-size: clamp(3.35rem, 7.5vw, 6.45rem);
  line-height: 0.95;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-shadow:
    0 24px 58px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.38),
    0 2px 0 rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.18);
}

.hero h1::after {
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  bottom: -14px;
  width: min(260px, 48%);
  height: 5px;
  content: "";
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--ku-gold), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0));
  box-shadow: 0 0 26px rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.46);
}

.hero h1::before {
  display: none;
}

.hero-copy p:last-child {
  max-width: 660px;
  margin: 0;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.86);
  font-size: clamp(1.02rem, 2vw, 1.22rem);
}

.hero-slider {
  --hero-pointer-y: 75px;
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  gap: 1px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.24);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  transform: translate3d(var(--hero-slider-x), var(--hero-slider-y), 0);
  transition: transform 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease;
}

.hero-slider::before {
  position: absolute;
  left: -34px;
  top: var(--hero-pointer-y);
  z-index: 2;
  width: 34px;
  height: 34px;
  content: "";
  border: 3px solid rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.86);
  border-left-color: transparent;
  border-bottom-color: transparent;
  transform: translateY(-50%) rotate(45deg);
  transform-origin: center;
  filter: drop-shadow(0 0 14px rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.38));
  transition: top 300ms ease, opacity 220ms ease, filter 220ms ease;
}

.hero-slider:hover::before {
  filter: drop-shadow(0 0 20px rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.58));
}

.hero:hover .hero-slider {
  box-shadow: 0 24px 64px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.22);
}

.hero-slide {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  display: grid;
  gap: 4px;
  min-height: 150px;
  padding: 30px 30px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  border-left: 4px solid transparent;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background 220ms ease, border-color 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease;
}

.hero-slide:hover,
.hero-slide:focus-visible {
  border-left-color: var(--ku-gold);
  outline: 0;
  transform: translateX(6px);
}

.hero-slide.is-active {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
  border-left-color: var(--ku-gold);
}

.hero-slide span {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.72);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.hero-slide.is-active span {
  color: var(--ku-red);
}

.hero-slide strong {
  font-size: 1.15rem;
}

.hero-slide.is-active strong {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.hero-slide p {
  margin: 0;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
  font-size: 0.94rem;
}

.hero-slide.is-active p {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.hero-carousel-controls {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 108px;
  left: 50%;
  z-index: 4;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 20px;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
}

.hero-carousel-controls button {
  width: 8px;
  height: 8px;
  padding: 0;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.56);
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 999px;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: width 260ms ease, height 260ms ease, background 260ms ease, opacity 260ms ease, transform 260ms ease;
}

.hero-carousel-controls button:hover,
.hero-carousel-controls button:focus-visible {
  background: var(--white);
  transform: scale(1.25);
}

.hero-carousel-controls button.is-active {
  width: 76px;
  height: 4px;
  background: var(--white);
  transform: none;
}

.scroll-mark {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 28px;
  left: 50%;
  z-index: 3;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: 34px;
  height: 54px;
  border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
  border-radius: 999px;
  opacity: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  transform: translate(-50%, 12px);
  transition: opacity 320ms ease, transform 320ms ease, border-color 320ms ease;
}

.hero:hover .scroll-mark,
.hero.is-pointer-active .scroll-mark,
.hero:focus-within .scroll-mark {
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translate(-50%, 0);
}

.scroll-mark span {
  width: 4px;
  height: 10px;
  background: var(--white);
  border-radius: 999px;
  animation: scroll-dot 1.35s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.subpage-hero {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--paper);
  background-position: center;
  background-size: cover;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  transition: background 220ms ease, border-color 220ms ease;
}

.subpage-hero::before {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  width: auto;
  content: "";
  background:
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78)),
    linear-gradient(90deg, var(--ku-red), var(--ku-red));
  opacity: 1;
  transition: opacity 260ms ease;
}

.subpage-hero:hover {
  background-color: var(--white);
  border-bottom-color: rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.28);
}

.subpage-hero:hover::before {
  opacity: 0.84;
}

.subpage-hero.has-custom-image::before {
  background:
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.86), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7)),
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.3), rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.08));
}

.subpage-hero[data-image-editable="research.banner"] {
  background-image: url("assets/banner-research.jpg");
}

.subpage-hero[data-image-editable="publications.banner"] {
  background-image: url("assets/banner-publications.jpg");
}

.subpage-hero[data-image-editable="team.professor.banner"],
.subpage-hero[data-image-editable="team.researcher.banner"],
.subpage-hero[data-image-editable="team.alumni.banner"] {
  background-image: url("assets/banner-team.jpg");
}

.subpage-hero[data-image-editable="news.banner"] {
  background-image: url("assets/banner-gallery.jpg");
}

.subpage-hero[data-image-editable="contact.banner"] {
  background-image: url("assets/banner-contact.jpg");
}

#publications .subpage-hero,
#team-professor .subpage-hero,
#team-researcher .subpage-hero,
#team-alumni .subpage-hero,
#gallery .subpage-hero,
#contact .subpage-hero {
  min-height: 366px;
}

#publications .subpage-inner,
#team-professor .subpage-inner,
#team-researcher .subpage-inner,
#team-alumni .subpage-inner,
#gallery .subpage-inner,
#contact .subpage-inner {
  display: flex;
  min-height: 366px;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  padding-top: 0;
  padding-bottom: 0;
}

#publications .subpage-inner h1 {
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

#publications .subpage-inner [data-editable="publications.summary"] {
  display: block;
  max-width: 760px;
  margin-top: 0;
}

.subpage-hero[data-image-editable$=".banner"]::before {
  background:
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(42, 5, 16, 0.72), rgba(42, 5, 16, 0.34) 55%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08)),
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.34), rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.04));
}

.subpage-hero[data-image-editable$=".banner"] .section-kicker {
  color: var(--ku-gold);
}

.subpage-hero[data-image-editable$=".banner"] .subpage-inner h1,
.subpage-hero[data-image-editable$=".banner"] .subpage-inner p:last-child {
  color: var(--white);
  text-shadow: 0 12px 34px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.32);
}

.subpage-inner {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  width: min(1220px, calc(100% - 36px));
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 112px 0 74px;
}

.subpage-inner h1 {
  max-width: 900px;
  margin: 12px 0 16px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 5vw, 4.6rem);
  line-height: 1.02;
}

.subpage-inner p:last-child {
  max-width: 700px;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.notice-zone {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 3;
  margin-top: -48px;
}

.notice-inner {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 22px;
  width: min(1220px, calc(100% - 36px));
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.board-card {
  min-height: 250px;
  padding: 30px;
  background: var(--white);
  border-top: 5px solid var(--ku-red);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  transition: background 220ms ease, border-color 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease;
}

.board-card:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--white), #fff8fa);
  border-top-color: var(--ku-gold);
  box-shadow: 0 24px 64px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.18);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.board-heading,
.section-title {
  display: flex;
  align-items: end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 18px;
}

.board-heading h2,
.section-title h2 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 3vw, 2.65rem);
  line-height: 1.05;
  transition: color 220ms ease;
}

.board-card:hover .board-heading h2,
.section:hover .section-title h2,
.calendar-service:hover .section-title h2,
.news-detail:hover .section-title h2 {
  color: var(--ku-red);
}

.board-heading a {
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.board-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 86px 1fr auto;
  gap: 16px;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 18px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  transition: background 180ms ease, box-shadow 180ms ease;
}

.board-item:hover,
.board-item:focus-visible {
  background: var(--ku-red-soft);
  box-shadow: inset 4px 0 0 var(--ku-red);
}

.board-item strong {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1rem;
}

.board-item time {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.board-category {
  display: inline-flex;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 5px 8px;
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.about-us-section {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--white);
}

.about-us-section::after {
  position: absolute;
  top: -40px;
  right: -32px;
  width: 260px;
  height: 260px;
  content: "";
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 22% 40%, rgba(25, 25, 25, 0.04) 0 15px, transparent 16px),
    radial-gradient(circle at 50% 18%, rgba(25, 25, 25, 0.04) 0 15px, transparent 16px),
    radial-gradient(circle at 72% 48%, rgba(25, 25, 25, 0.04) 0 15px, transparent 16px),
    linear-gradient(32deg, transparent 0 36%, rgba(25, 25, 25, 0.04) 37% 39%, transparent 40%),
    linear-gradient(110deg, transparent 0 44%, rgba(25, 25, 25, 0.04) 45% 47%, transparent 48%);
  opacity: 0.7;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.about-us-inner {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  width: min(1220px, calc(100% - 36px));
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 96px 0 78px;
}

.about-us-inner h2 {
  margin: 0 0 42px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(2.6rem, 6vw, 5rem);
  line-height: 0.96;
}

.about-us-content {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(280px, 0.95fr) minmax(320px, 1fr);
  gap: clamp(34px, 6vw, 76px);
  align-items: center;
}

.about-us-image {
  display: grid;
  place-items: end start;
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 390px;
  padding: 22px;
  color: var(--white);
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.2), rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.24)),
    url("assets/source-news-full-39.jpg");
  background-position: center;
  background-size: cover;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: filter 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease;
}

.about-us-image:hover,
.about-us-image:focus-visible {
  filter: saturate(1.08);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 48px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.18);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.about-us-image span {
  padding: 8px 12px;
  background: rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.72);
  font-weight: 800;
}

.about-us-image.has-custom-image span {
  opacity: 0;
}

.about-us-copy {
  display: grid;
  gap: 24px;
}

.about-us-copy h3 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3vw, 2.7rem);
  line-height: 1.12;
}

.about-us-copy p {
  max-width: 640px;
  margin: 0;
  color: #4c4c4c;
  font-size: 1.15rem;
}

.home-focus-section {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  color: var(--white);
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 14% 18%, rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.28), transparent 28%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 86% 78%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16), transparent 30%),
    linear-gradient(135deg, var(--ku-red-dark), var(--ku-red) 54%, #b91f46);
}

.home-focus-section::before {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  content: "";
  background:
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08) 1px, transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08) 1px, transparent 1px);
  background-size: 92px 92px;
  mask-image: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, #000 18%, #000 82%, transparent);
}

.home-focus-inner {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.9fr) minmax(260px, 0.8fr);
  gap: 44px;
  align-items: center;
  width: min(1220px, calc(100% - 36px));
  min-height: clamp(480px, 68dvh, 620px);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: clamp(58px, 8dvh, 78px) 0;
}

.home-focus-copy {
  display: grid;
  gap: 22px;
}

.home-focus-copy h2 {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--white);
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 4.2vw, 4.1rem);
  line-height: 0.98;
}

.home-focus-copy p {
  max-width: 620px;
  margin: 0;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
  font-size: 1.16rem;
}

.home-focus-copy .view-more-link {
  color: var(--white);
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.42);
}

.home-focus-copy .view-more-link:hover,
.home-focus-copy .view-more-link:focus-visible {
  background: var(--white);
  color: var(--ku-red);
}

.home-focus-orbit {
  position: absolute;
  top: 18%;
  right: max(24px, calc((100% - 1220px) / 2));
  width: clamp(180px, 20vw, 260px);
  height: clamp(180px, 20vw, 260px);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.22);
  border-radius: 999px;
  animation: home-orbit-spin 18s linear infinite;
}

.home-focus-orbit span {
  position: absolute;
  width: 28px;
  height: 28px;
  background: var(--ku-gold);
  border-radius: 999px;
  box-shadow: 0 0 28px rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.65);
}

.home-focus-orbit span:nth-child(1) {
  top: -14px;
  left: 50%;
}

.home-focus-orbit span:nth-child(2) {
  right: 24px;
  bottom: 42px;
}

.home-focus-orbit span:nth-child(3) {
  bottom: 48px;
  left: 28px;
}

.home-focus-cards {
  display: grid;
  gap: 18px;
}

.home-focus-cards article {
  padding: 28px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 46px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.22);
  transition: background 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease, border-color 220ms ease;
}

.home-focus-cards article:hover {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
  border-color: rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.72);
  transform: translateX(-10px);
}

.home-focus-cards strong {
  display: block;
  color: var(--white);
  font-size: 1.42rem;
}

.home-focus-cards p {
  margin: 10px 0 0;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.74);
}

.view-more-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  width: min(260px, 100%);
  min-height: 58px;
  padding: 0 20px;
  color: var(--muted);
  border: 1px solid #d8d8d8;
  font-weight: 800;
  transition: color 180ms ease, border-color 180ms ease, background 180ms ease, transform 180ms ease;
}

.view-more-link:hover,
.view-more-link:focus-visible {
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
  border-color: var(--ku-red);
  transform: translateX(4px);
}

.section {
  position: relative;
  width: min(1220px, calc(100% - 36px));
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 86px 0;
}

.section-title {
  margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.section-title p {
  max-width: 520px;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  text-align: right;
}

.information-section {
  padding-top: 94px;
}

.info-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  border-top: 2px solid var(--ku-red);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.info-card {
  display: grid;
  gap: 12px;
  min-height: 250px;
  padding: 34px 28px;
  background: var(--white);
  border-right: 1px solid var(--line);
  transition: background 220ms ease, color 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease;
}

.info-card:last-child {
  border-right: 0;
}

.info-card:hover,
.info-card:focus-visible {
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 42px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.18);
  transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.info-icon {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: 76px;
  height: 76px;
  background: var(--white);
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.info-icon img {
  display: block;
  width: 46px;
  height: 46px;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.info-card strong {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1.32rem;
}

.info-card p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.info-card:hover strong,
.info-card:hover p,
.info-card:focus-visible strong,
.info-card:focus-visible p {
  color: var(--white);
}

.split-section {
  width: 100%;
  padding-right: max(18px, calc((100% - 1220px) / 2));
  padding-left: max(18px, calc((100% - 1220px) / 2));
  background: var(--paper);
}

.research-list {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 1px;
  background: var(--line);
}

.research-list article {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 56px 1fr;
  gap: 20px;
  min-height: 260px;
  padding: 34px;
  background: var(--white);
  transition: background 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease;
}

.research-list article:hover {
  background: var(--ku-red);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 44px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.2);
  transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.research-list span {
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.research-list h3 {
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1.35rem;
}

.research-list p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.research-list article:hover span,
.research-list article:hover h3,
.research-list article:hover p {
  color: var(--white);
}

.research-card-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 24px;
}

.research-card {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  align-content: end;
  min-height: 360px;
  padding: 28px;
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
  background-position: center;
  background-size: cover;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 16px 42px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.12);
  transition: transform 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease;
}

.research-card::before {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  content: "";
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.16), rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.9));
}

.research-card:hover,
.research-card:focus-visible {
  box-shadow: 0 24px 62px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.22);
  transform: translateY(-6px);
}

.research-card strong,
.research-card p {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
}

.research-card strong {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  color: var(--white);
}

.research-card p {
  margin: 8px 0 0;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.82);
}

.research-card[data-image-editable="research.immunotherapy.card.image"] {
  background-image: url("assets/hero-immunotherapy.jpg");
}

.research-card[data-image-editable="research.nanobioengineering.card.image"] {
  background-image: url("assets/hero-nanobioengineering.jpeg");
}

.research-card[data-image-editable="research.regenerative.card.image"] {
  background-image: url("assets/hero-regenerative-medicine.jpg");
}

.research-topic-section {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(280px, 0.9fr) minmax(0, 1.1fr);
  gap: 42px;
  align-items: center;
  width: min(1220px, calc(100% - 36px));
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 86px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.research-topic-section.alternate {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.1fr) minmax(280px, 0.9fr);
}

.research-topic-section.alternate .research-topic-media {
  order: 2;
}

.research-topic-media {
  min-height: 360px;
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.94), rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.84)),
    url("assets/template-main-vi02.jpg");
  background-position: center;
  background-size: cover;
}

.research-topic-copy {
  display: grid;
  gap: 14px;
}

.research-topic-copy h2 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.4rem);
  line-height: 1.02;
}

.research-topic-copy p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1.04rem;
}

.research-detail-page {
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 12% 8%, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.08), transparent 34%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, #ffffff 0%, #fbf7f8 100%);
}

.research-detail-hero {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  min-height: 360px;
  padding: 96px 18px;
  color: var(--white);
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.86), rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.72)),
    url("assets/template-main-vi02.jpg");
  background-position: center;
  background-size: cover;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.research-detail-hero::before,
.research-detail-hero::after {
  position: absolute;
  content: "";
  pointer-events: none;
}

.research-detail-hero::before {
  inset: 0;
  background:
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08) 1px, transparent 1px) 0 0 / 120px 100%,
    linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08) 1px, transparent 1px) 0 0 / 100% 120px;
  opacity: 0.42;
}

.research-detail-hero::after {
  right: -120px;
  bottom: -180px;
  width: 560px;
  height: 560px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  transform: rotate(35deg);
}

.research-detail-page:nth-of-type(3) .research-detail-hero {
  background-image:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.86), rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.72)),
    url("assets/hero-nanobioengineering.jpeg");
}

.research-detail-page:nth-of-type(4) .research-detail-hero {
  background-image:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.86), rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.72)),
    url("assets/hero-immunotherapy.jpg");
}

.research-detail-page:nth-of-type(5) .research-detail-hero {
  background-image:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.86), rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.72)),
    url("assets/hero-regenerative-medicine.jpg");
}

.research-detail-hero h1 {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  max-width: 1120px;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--white);
  font-size: clamp(3rem, 6vw, 5.8rem);
  line-height: 1.02;
  text-align: center;
  text-shadow: 0 20px 56px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.34);
}

.research-detail-body {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(260px, 0.8fr) minmax(0, 1.2fr);
  gap: 34px;
  width: min(1180px, calc(100% - 36px));
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 82px 0 110px;
}

.research-detail-text {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  align-self: start;
  gap: 18px;
  padding: 34px;
  background: var(--white);
  border-left: 6px solid var(--ku-red);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 44px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.1);
}

.research-detail-text::before {
  content: "Overview";
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-detail-text p {
  margin: 0;
  color: #222222;
  font-size: 1.03rem;
}

.research-detail-text p:first-child::first-letter {
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.research-detail-figure {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 430px;
  padding: 28px;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.08), rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.08)),
    url("assets/template-main-vi02.jpg");
  background-position: center;
  background-size: cover;
  border: 10px solid var(--white);
  outline: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.18);
  cursor: pointer;
  box-shadow: 0 18px 42px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.12);
  transition: box-shadow 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease, filter 220ms ease;
}

.research-detail-figure::after {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 16px;
  content: "";
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.16);
  pointer-events: none;
}

.research-detail-figure.has-default-figure {
  background-color: var(--white);
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: contain;
}

.research-detail-figure[data-image-editable="research.nanobioengineering.figure1"] {
  background-image: url("assets/research-nanobioengineering-1.svg");
}

.research-detail-figure[data-image-editable="research.nanobioengineering.figure2"] {
  background-image: url("assets/research-nanobioengineering-2.svg");
}

.research-detail-figure[data-image-editable="research.immunotherapy.figure1"] {
  background-image: url("assets/research-immunotherapy-1.svg");
}

.research-detail-figure[data-image-editable="research.immunotherapy.figure2"] {
  background-image: url("assets/research-immunotherapy-2.svg");
}

.research-detail-figure[data-image-editable="research.regenerative.figure1"] {
  background-image: url("assets/research-regenerative-1.svg");
}

.research-detail-figure[data-image-editable="research.regenerative.figure2"] {
  background-image: url("assets/research-regenerative-2.svg");
}

.research-detail-figure.wide {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  min-height: 360px;
  background-image:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.08), rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.08)),
    url("assets/template-main-vi03.jpg");
}

.research-detail-figure.wide[data-image-editable="research.nanobioengineering.figure2"] {
  background-image: url("assets/research-nanobioengineering-2.svg");
}

.research-detail-figure.wide[data-image-editable="research.immunotherapy.figure2"] {
  background-image: url("assets/research-immunotherapy-2.svg");
}

.research-detail-figure.wide[data-image-editable="research.regenerative.figure2"] {
  background-image: url("assets/research-regenerative-2.svg");
}

.research-detail-figure:hover,
.research-detail-figure:focus-visible {
  filter: saturate(1.08);
  box-shadow: 0 24px 58px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.2);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.research-detail-figure span {
  padding: 8px 14px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.86);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.research-detail-figure.has-default-figure span,
.research-detail-figure.has-custom-image span {
  opacity: 0;
}

.research-publications {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  padding: 34px;
  background: var(--white);
  border-top: 5px solid var(--ku-red);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 44px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.1);
}

.research-publications h2 {
  margin: 0 0 22px;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-size: 1.25rem;
}

.research-publications ul {
  display: grid;
  gap: 13px;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.research-publications li {
  position: relative;
  padding: 16px 18px 16px 44px;
  color: #222222;
  background: #fff9fb;
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.12);
}

.research-publications li::before {
  position: absolute;
  top: 18px;
  left: 18px;
  width: 10px;
  height: 10px;
  content: "";
  background: var(--ku-red);
}

.publication-section {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.publication-tools {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.filter-button {
  min-width: 72px;
  padding: 9px 14px;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--ku-red);
  border-radius: 4px;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-weight: 800;
  transition: background 180ms ease, color 180ms ease, transform 180ms ease;
}

.filter-button:hover,
.filter-button:focus-visible,
.filter-button.active {
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
}

.filter-button:hover,
.filter-button:focus-visible {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.publication-list {
  display: grid;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--ku-red);
}

.publication-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 190px 54px 82px minmax(0, 1fr) 132px;
  gap: 22px;
  align-items: start;
  padding: 28px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  transition: background 180ms ease, box-shadow 180ms ease;
}

.publication-item:hover {
  background: var(--ku-red-soft);
  box-shadow: inset 5px 0 0 var(--ku-red);
}

.publication-item.collection-card {
  grid-template-columns: 190px 54px 82px minmax(0, 1fr) 132px auto;
  align-items: start;
}

.publication-image {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  min-height: 140px;
  padding: 0;
  color: var(--white);
  background-color: var(--white);
  background-position: center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: contain;
  border: 2px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.62);
  cursor: pointer;
  font-weight: 900;
  box-shadow:
    0 0 0 7px rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.06),
    0 14px 30px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.12);
  transition: border-color 180ms ease, box-shadow 180ms ease, transform 180ms ease;
}

.publication-item:hover .publication-image {
  border-color: var(--ku-red);
  box-shadow:
    0 0 0 7px rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.1),
    0 18px 38px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.18);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.publication-image.has-custom-image span {
  opacity: 0;
}

.publication-copy {
  display: grid;
  gap: 7px;
}

.publication-item.is-hidden {
  display: none;
}

.publication-item time {
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-size: 1.14rem;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.publication-number {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.publication-item h3 {
  margin: 0 0 6px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1.08rem;
}

.publication-item p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  white-space: pre-line;
}

.publication-link {
  display: grid;
  gap: 5px;
  justify-items: center;
  padding: 10px 12px;
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
  border: 1px solid var(--ku-red);
  font-weight: 900;
  text-align: center;
  transition: background 180ms ease, color 180ms ease, transform 180ms ease;
}

.publication-link:hover,
.publication-link:focus-visible {
  color: var(--ku-red);
  background: var(--white);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.publication-url {
  max-width: 100%;
  color: inherit;
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
  opacity: 0.76;
}

.calendar-service {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  width: min(1220px, calc(100% - 36px));
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 84px 0;
  gap: 42px;
}

.calendar-card,
.quick-service {
  min-height: 410px;
  padding: 34px;
  background: var(--paper);
  border-top: 5px solid var(--ku-red);
  transition: background 220ms ease, border-color 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease;
}

.calendar-card:hover,
.quick-service:hover {
  background: var(--white);
  border-top-color: var(--ku-gold);
  box-shadow: 0 20px 52px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.14);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.month-card {
  display: flex;
  align-items: end;
  gap: 18px;
  margin: 14px 0 24px;
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
  padding: 22px;
}

.month-card strong {
  font-size: 4rem;
  line-height: 0.9;
}

.month-card span {
  padding-bottom: 6px;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.calendar-card ul {
  display: grid;
  gap: 11px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.calendar-card li {
  display: flex;
  gap: 12px;
  padding-bottom: 11px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  transition: color 180ms ease, background 180ms ease;
}

.calendar-card li:hover {
  color: var(--ku-red);
  background: rgba(246, 232, 237, 0.62);
}

.calendar-card li span {
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.quick-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 12px;
}

.quick-grid a {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  align-content: end;
  gap: 8px;
  min-height: 116px;
  padding: 20px;
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: transform 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease;
}

.quick-grid a:hover,
.quick-grid a:focus-visible {
  box-shadow: 0 16px 34px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.28);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.quick-grid a:nth-child(even) {
  background: var(--ku-red-deep);
}

.quick-grid a::before {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  content: "";
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.12), rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.86));
  transition: background 220ms ease;
}

.quick-grid a:hover::before,
.quick-grid a:focus-visible::before {
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.16), rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.92));
}

.quick-grid img {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 360ms ease;
}

.quick-grid a:hover img,
.quick-grid a:focus-visible img {
  transform: scale(1.06);
}

.quick-grid span {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  font-size: 1.18rem;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.quick-grid strong {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.member-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 0.95fr 1.05fr;
  gap: 24px;
}

.section-tabs {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 46px;
}

.section-tab {
  min-width: 150px;
  padding: 12px 18px;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--ku-red);
  border-radius: 4px;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.section-tab:hover,
.section-tab:focus-visible,
.section-tab.is-active {
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
}

.team-section {
  display: grid;
  gap: 86px;
}

.professor-section,
.researcher-section,
.alumni-section {
  min-height: 720px;
}

.team-chapter {
  scroll-margin-top: 230px;
}

.member-section-title {
  display: grid;
  gap: 8px;
  max-width: 980px;
  margin: 0 auto 34px;
}

.member-section-title span {
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.member-section-title h2 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 4vw, 4rem);
  line-height: 1.02;
}

.member-section-title p {
  max-width: 680px;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.professor-chapter {
  padding-bottom: 78px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.researcher-chapter {
  padding: 12px 0 78px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.member-filter-tools,
.news-filter-tools {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 12px;
  width: min(920px, 100%);
  margin: 0 auto 18px;
}

.member-filter-tools .filter-button {
  min-width: 150px;
  color: var(--ku-red-dark);
  background: #f4f4f4;
  border-color: transparent;
}

.member-filter-tools .filter-button:hover,
.member-filter-tools .filter-button:focus-visible,
.member-filter-tools .filter-button.active {
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red-dark);
}

.news-filter-tools {
  width: min(1220px, 100%);
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.researcher-count {
  width: min(920px, 100%);
  margin: 0 auto 46px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.team-tab-panel {
  display: none;
}

.team-tab-panel.is-active {
  display: grid;
  gap: 54px;
}

.team-feature,
.principal-profile {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 230px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 42px;
  align-items: center;
  max-width: 860px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding-top: 32px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.team-feature-photo,
.principal-photo {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 260px;
  color: var(--white);
  background:
    linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(53, 5, 18, 0), rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.08)),
    url("assets/source-professor-01.jpg"),
    var(--ku-red);
  background-position: center;
  background-size: cover;
  border: 0;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 2rem;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.principal-photo span {
  opacity: 0;
}

.team-feature-photo.has-custom-image span,
.principal-photo.has-custom-image span {
  opacity: 0;
}

.team-feature h3,
.principal-copy h2 {
  margin: 4px 0 8px;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3vw, 2.4rem);
}

.team-subheading {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.member-directory {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 86px 42px;
  max-width: 1040px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding-top: 46px;
}

.member-profile {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 18px;
  align-items: start;
  max-width: none;
  height: 430px;
  min-height: 430px;
  padding: 72px 28px 28px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  overflow: visible;
  text-align: center;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
}

.member-profile .member-photo {
  position: absolute;
  top: -48px;
  left: 50%;
  width: 112px;
  height: 112px;
  aspect-ratio: auto;
  border-radius: 999px;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.16);
}

.member-profile-copy {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-rows: auto 34px minmax(112px, 1fr) auto;
  gap: 11px;
  height: 100%;
  min-height: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.member-profile strong {
  display: -webkit-box;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  line-height: 1.18;
  overflow: hidden;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
}

.member-profile-copy span {
  display: grid;
  align-items: start;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  line-height: 1.35;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.member-profile-copy p {
  min-height: 0;
  padding-top: 18px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  overflow: auto;
  text-align: left;
}

.member-profile-copy small {
  min-height: 18px;
  color: var(--ku-red-dark);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  line-height: 1.35;
  overflow: hidden;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.principal-copy {
  text-align: center;
}

.principal-copy ul {
  display: inline-grid;
  gap: 8px;
  margin: 22px 0 0;
  padding-left: 18px;
  text-align: left;
}

.profile-timeline {
  display: grid;
  gap: 30px;
  max-width: 980px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.profile-timeline article {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 210px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 34px;
  padding: 16px 0;
}

.profile-timeline h3 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1.3rem;
}

.profile-timeline p {
  margin: 0;
  white-space: pre-line;
}

.alumni-list {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 30px;
  max-width: 1040px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.alumni-card {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 18px;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 300px;
  padding: 30px;
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  text-align: center;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
}

.alumni-photo {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: 116px;
  height: 116px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
  background-position: center;
  background-size: cover;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 999px;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.alumni-photo.has-custom-image span {
  opacity: 0;
}

.alumni-card strong {
  display: block;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.alumni-card span {
  display: block;
  margin: 5px 0;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.alumni-card p {
  white-space: pre-line;
}

.pi-card {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 120px 1fr;
  gap: 24px;
  padding: 28px;
  background: var(--paper);
  border-top: 5px solid var(--ku-red);
  transition: background 220ms ease, border-color 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease;
}

.pi-card:hover {
  background: var(--white);
  border-top-color: var(--ku-gold);
  box-shadow: 0 20px 50px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.14);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.portrait-placeholder,
.portrait-frame {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: 120px;
  height: 140px;
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
  font-size: 2rem;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.portrait-frame {
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
  background-position: center;
  background-size: cover;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.portrait-frame.has-custom-image span {
  opacity: 0;
}

.pi-card span,
.member-grid span {
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.pi-card h3 {
  margin: 8px 0 10px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.pi-card p,
.member-grid p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  white-space: pre-line;
}

.pi-card a {
  display: inline-flex;
  margin-top: 14px;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.member-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 12px;
}

.member-grid article {
  min-height: 162px;
  padding: 22px;
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  transition: background 200ms ease, border-color 200ms ease, box-shadow 200ms ease, transform 200ms ease;
}

.member-grid article:hover {
  background: #fff8fa;
  border-color: rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.34);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 38px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.12);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.member-directory .member-profile {
  height: 430px;
  min-height: 430px;
  padding: 72px 28px 28px;
}

.member-directory .member-photo {
  width: 112px;
  height: 112px;
  aspect-ratio: auto;
}

.team-notes {
  display: grid;
  gap: 12px;
}

.team-notes article {
  min-height: 162px;
  padding: 24px;
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  transition: background 200ms ease, border-color 200ms ease, box-shadow 200ms ease, transform 200ms ease;
}

.team-notes article:hover {
  background: #fff8fa;
  border-color: rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.34);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 38px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.12);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.team-notes h3 {
  margin: 0 0 10px;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.team-notes p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.lab-members-page .member-grid,
.researcher-page .member-grid {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
}

.member-card {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-rows: auto 1fr;
  gap: 16px;
}

.member-photo {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  padding: 0;
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
  background-position: center;
  background-size: cover;
  border: 0;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 1.8rem;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.member-photo.has-custom-image span {
  opacity: 0;
}

.member-photo[style*="source-team"] span,
.alumni-photo[style*="source-team"] span,
.alumni-photo[style*="source-alumni"] span {
  opacity: 0;
}

.member-grid strong {
  display: block;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1.06rem;
}

.member-grid span {
  display: block;
  margin: 5px 0 12px;
}

.member-directory .member-profile-copy span {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.member-directory .member-profile-copy small {
  display: block;
  color: var(--ku-red-dark);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.news-detail {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 92px max(18px, calc((100% - 1320px) / 2));
  background: var(--white);
}

.news-list {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 62px 34px;
  background: transparent;
  border-top: 0;
}

.news-list article {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 18px;
  padding: 0;
  background: var(--white);
  border: 0;
  transition: transform 220ms ease;
}

.news-list article:hover {
  background: var(--white);
  box-shadow: none;
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.news-list article.collection-card {
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}

.news-meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-content: start;
  gap: 10px;
}

.news-gallery {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--ku-red);
}

.news-photo {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 310px;
  padding: 0;
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
  background-position: center;
  background-size: cover;
  border: 0;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-weight: 900;
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
}

.news-photo.has-custom-image > span {
  opacity: 0;
}

.gallery-view-button {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 2;
  display: grid;
  place-content: center;
  gap: 16px;
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 100%;
  color: var(--white);
  background: rgba(0, 38, 83, 0.72);
  border: 0;
  cursor: pointer;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: scale(1.02);
  transition: opacity 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease;
}

.news-photo:hover .gallery-view-button,
.news-photo:focus-within .gallery-view-button {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: scale(1);
}

.gallery-view-button strong {
  color: var(--white);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.gallery-zoom-icon {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
  width: 66px;
  height: 66px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  background:
    linear-gradient(var(--white), var(--white)) center / 30px 3px no-repeat,
    linear-gradient(var(--white), var(--white)) center / 3px 30px no-repeat;
  border: 3px solid var(--white);
  border-radius: 999px;
}

.gallery-zoom-icon::before {
  position: absolute;
  content: "";
  background: var(--white);
  width: 24px;
  height: 3px;
  right: -17px;
  bottom: 5px;
  transform: rotate(45deg);
  transform-origin: left center;
}

.news-gallery-controls {
  position: absolute;
  right: 12px;
  bottom: 12px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  padding: 6px;
  color: var(--white);
  background: rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.76);
}

.news-gallery-controls button {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: 28px;
  height: 28px;
  color: var(--white);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.24);
  cursor: pointer;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.news-gallery-controls button:hover,
.news-gallery-controls button:focus-visible {
  background: var(--ku-red);
}

.news-gallery-controls span {
  min-width: 42px;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  text-align: center;
}

.news-list time {
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.news-list h3 {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  line-height: 1.22;
}

.news-list p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1rem;
  white-space: pre-line;
}

.empty-collection {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 34px;
  color: var(--muted);
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px dashed var(--line);
  text-align: center;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.gallery-modal {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 520;
  display: none;
  padding: clamp(16px, 2.4vw, 34px);
}

.gallery-modal.is-open {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
}

.gallery-modal-backdrop {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: rgba(8, 12, 18, 0.76);
  border: 0;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.gallery-modal-panel {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(520px, 1fr) minmax(320px, 0.34fr);
  gap: clamp(22px, 2.4vw, 38px);
  width: min(1540px, calc(100vw - 24px));
  max-height: calc(100dvh - 24px);
  padding: clamp(18px, 2vw, 32px);
  overflow: auto;
  background: var(--white);
  box-shadow: 0 28px 80px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.34);
}

.gallery-modal-close {
  position: absolute;
  top: 12px;
  right: 12px;
  z-index: 3;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: 38px;
  height: 38px;
  color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  cursor: pointer;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.gallery-modal-media {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  align-content: start;
  gap: 12px;
  min-width: 0;
}

.gallery-modal-image {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: 100%;
  height: clamp(520px, 76dvh, 820px);
  min-height: 0;
  padding: 0;
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
  background-position: center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: contain;
  border: 0;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.gallery-modal-image.has-custom-image span {
  opacity: 0;
}

.gallery-modal-copy {
  display: grid;
  align-content: start;
  gap: 14px;
  min-width: 0;
  max-height: calc(100dvh - 104px);
  padding: 22px 14px 22px 0;
  overflow: auto;
}

.gallery-modal-copy h2 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 3vw, 3.05rem);
  line-height: 1.04;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.gallery-modal-copy p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  line-height: 1.72;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
  white-space: pre-line;
}

.gallery-modal-copy time {
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.gallery-modal-controls {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 8px;
}

.gallery-modal-controls button,
.gallery-modal-controls span {
  min-width: 42px;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
  border: 1px solid var(--ku-red);
  text-align: center;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.gallery-modal-controls button {
  cursor: pointer;
}

.contact-section {
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red-dark);
  transition: background 240ms ease;
}

.contact-section:hover {
  background: #450817;
}

.contact-inner {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 0.8fr 1.2fr;
  gap: 42px;
  width: min(1220px, calc(100% - 36px));
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 78px 0;
}

.contact-map {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  min-height: 330px;
  padding: 28px;
  color: var(--white);
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04)),
    rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  background-position: center;
  background-size: cover;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18);
}

.contact-map div {
  display: grid;
  justify-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  padding: 18px 22px;
  background: rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.72);
}

.contact-map.has-custom-image div {
  opacity: 0.08;
}

.contact-inner h2 {
  margin: 10px 0 12px;
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3rem);
  line-height: 1.05;
}

.contact-inner p {
  margin: 0;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
}

.contact-list {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 12px;
  margin: 0;
}

.contact-list div {
  display: grid;
  gap: 5px;
  padding: 18px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14);
  transition: background 180ms ease, border-color 180ms ease, transform 180ms ease;
}

.contact-list div:hover {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14);
  border-color: rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.7);
  transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.contact-list dt {
  color: var(--ku-gold);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.contact-list dd {
  margin: 0;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.84);
}

.site-footer {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.74);
  background: #1a0209;
}

.footer-inner {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(250px, 310px) 1fr auto;
  gap: 28px;
  align-items: center;
  width: min(1220px, calc(100% - 36px));
  min-height: 180px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.footer-logo-stack {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 14px;
  min-width: 0;
}

.footer-logo {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  max-width: 150px;
  padding: 8px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04);
  border: 1px solid rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.18);
}

.footer-logo--ku {
  max-width: 172px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.02);
}

.footer-logo--lab {
  max-width: 112px;
  padding: 5px;
}

.footer-logo img {
  display: block;
  max-width: 134px;
  max-height: 134px;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.footer-logo--ku img {
  max-width: 156px;
  max-height: 56px;
}

.footer-logo--lab img {
  max-width: 102px;
  max-height: 102px;
}

.footer-inner > div:not(.footer-logo-stack) {
  display: grid;
  gap: 5px;
}

.footer-lab-heading {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 7px;
}

.footer-lab-mark {
  display: block;
  width: 64px;
  height: 48px;
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  object-fit: contain;
  filter: drop-shadow(0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.18));
}

.footer-inner strong,
.footer-inner a {
  color: var(--white);
}

.collection-card {
  position: relative;
}

.collection-card.is-dragging {
  opacity: 0.46;
}

.remove-card {
  display: none;
  align-self: start;
  padding: 8px 10px;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--ku-red);
  border-radius: 4px;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.remove-card:hover,
.remove-card:focus-visible {
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
}

.editor-launch {
  position: fixed;
  right: 20px;
  bottom: 20px;
  z-index: 260;
  display: none;
  min-width: 74px;
  padding: 12px 16px;
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 999px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  cursor: pointer;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.editor-enabled .editor-launch {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}

.editor-panel {
  position: fixed;
  top: 82px;
  right: 20px;
  z-index: 270;
  display: none;
  width: min(360px, calc(100vw - 40px));
  max-height: calc(100vh - 118px);
  overflow: auto;
  padding: 18px;
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.editor-panel.is-open {
  display: grid;
  gap: 14px;
}

.editor-panel-header,
.editor-toggle {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 12px;
}

.editor-panel-header strong {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.editor-panel-header button {
  width: 34px;
  height: 34px;
  color: var(--text);
  background: var(--paper);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 4px;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.editor-toggle {
  justify-content: flex-start;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.editor-toggle input {
  width: 18px;
  height: 18px;
}

.editor-help,
.editor-status {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.editor-actions {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 8px;
}

.editor-actions button {
  min-height: 42px;
  padding: 8px 10px;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--ku-red);
  border-radius: 4px;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.editor-actions button:hover,
.editor-actions button:focus-visible {
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red);
}

.design-editor {
  display: grid;
  gap: 10px;
  padding: 12px;
  background: var(--paper);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.design-editor strong {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
}

.design-editor label {
  display: grid;
  gap: 5px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.design-editor input,
.design-editor select,
.design-editor button {
  width: 100%;
}

.style-control-pair {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 78px;
  gap: 8px;
  align-items: center;
}

.style-control-pair input[type="number"] {
  min-height: 32px;
  padding: 4px 6px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.design-editor button {
  min-height: 34px;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--ku-red);
  border-radius: 4px;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.visually-hidden {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}

.edit-mode [data-editable],
.edit-mode [data-collection][data-field] {
  outline: 2px dashed rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.76);
  outline-offset: 3px;
  cursor: text;
}

.edit-mode .is-designable {
  resize: both;
  overflow: auto;
}

.edit-mode .is-selected-for-design {
  outline: 3px solid var(--ku-gold) !important;
  outline-offset: 5px;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 5px rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.18);
}

.edit-mode [data-editable]:focus,
.edit-mode [data-collection][data-field]:focus {
  outline-color: var(--ku-red);
  background: rgba(246, 232, 237, 0.68);
}

.edit-mode [data-image-editable] {
  position: relative;
  outline: 2px dashed rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.86);
  outline-offset: 4px;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.edit-mode [data-image-editable]::after {
  position: absolute;
  right: 8px;
  bottom: 8px;
  z-index: 8;
  padding: 5px 8px;
  color: var(--white);
  background: rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.86);
  border-radius: 4px;
  content: "Click/drop image";
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.edit-mode .hero-corner-logo-box[data-image-editable] {
  --hero-logo-opacity: 0.34;
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 64;
  mix-blend-mode: normal;
}

.edit-mode .page-panel.is-active .hero-corner-logo-box[data-image-editable] {
  opacity: var(--hero-logo-opacity);
  animation: none !important;
}

.edit-mode .hero[data-image-editable]::after {
  right: 22px;
  bottom: 22px;
}

.edit-mode .image-edit-target.is-drop-target {
  outline-color: var(--ku-red);
  outline-style: solid;
}

.edit-mode .collection-card {
  cursor: grab;
}

.edit-mode .collection-card:active {
  cursor: grabbing;
}

.edit-mode .remove-card {
  display: inline-flex;
}

.reveal-on-scroll {
  opacity: 0;
  translate: 0 44px;
  transition:
    opacity 680ms ease var(--reveal-delay, 0ms),
    translate 680ms ease var(--reveal-delay, 0ms);
}

.reveal-on-scroll.is-visible {
  opacity: 1;
  translate: 0 0;
}

.reveal-on-scroll.reveal-skip-motion {
  transition: none;
}

.home-motion-replay {
  animation: home-motion-replay 780ms cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.82, 0.2, 1) var(--motion-delay, 0ms) both !important;
}

.hero-corner-logo-box.home-motion-replay {
  animation: hero-logo-fly-in 780ms cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.82, 0.2, 1) var(--motion-delay, 0ms) both !important;
}

.page-panel.is-active :is(
  .hero-copy > *,
  .hero-slide > *,
  .home-focus-copy > *,
  .home-focus-cards article > *,
  .subpage-inner > *,
  .section-title > *,
  .about-us-copy > *,
  .info-card > *,
  .research-card > *,
  .research-detail-text > *,
  .research-publications > *,
  .publication-copy > *,
  .member-section-title > *,
  .principal-copy > *,
  .profile-timeline article > *,
  .member-profile-copy > *,
  .alumni-card strong,
  .alumni-card span,
  .alumni-card p,
  .gallery-card-copy > *,
  .contact-inner h2,
  .contact-inner p,
  .contact-list div,
  .contact-map > div
) {
  animation: text-fly-in 760ms cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.82, 0.2, 1) both;
}

.page-panel.is-active .hero-corner-logo-box {
  animation: hero-logo-fly-in 760ms cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.82, 0.2, 1) 80ms both;
}

.page-panel.is-active :is(.hero-copy > *, .subpage-inner > *, .section-title > *, .member-section-title > *):nth-child(2),
.page-panel.is-active :is(.about-us-copy > *, .research-detail-text > *, .publication-copy > *, .principal-copy > *, .gallery-card-copy > *):nth-child(2) {
  animation-delay: 90ms;
}

.page-panel.is-active :is(.hero-copy > *, .subpage-inner > *, .section-title > *, .member-section-title > *):nth-child(3),
.page-panel.is-active :is(.about-us-copy > *, .research-detail-text > *, .publication-copy > *, .principal-copy > *, .gallery-card-copy > *):nth-child(3) {
  animation-delay: 170ms;
}

@keyframes page-reveal {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    translate: 0 14px;
  }

  to {
    opacity: 1;
    translate: 0 0;
  }
}

@keyframes text-fly-in {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    filter: blur(6px);
    translate: -42px 0;
  }

  to {
    opacity: 1;
    filter: blur(0);
    translate: 0 0;
  }
}

@keyframes hero-logo-fly-in {
  from {
    filter: blur(6px) drop-shadow(0 18px 34px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0));
    translate: -42px 0;
  }

  to {
    filter:
      blur(0)
      drop-shadow(0 24px 44px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.18))
      drop-shadow(0 0 28px rgba(225, 160, 147, 0.22));
    translate: 0 0;
  }
}

@keyframes home-motion-replay {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    filter: blur(7px);
    translate: -48px 0;
  }

  58% {
    opacity: 1;
    filter: blur(0);
  }

  to {
    opacity: 1;
    filter: blur(0);
    translate: 0 0;
  }
}

@keyframes home-orbit-spin {
  from {
    rotate: 0deg;
  }

  to {
    rotate: 360deg;
  }
}

@keyframes hero-drift {
  from {
    background-size: auto, 106%;
  }

  to {
    background-size: auto, 112%;
  }
}

@keyframes hero-sweep {
  0%,
  52% {
    transform: translateX(-76%);
  }

  76%,
  100% {
    transform: translateX(76%);
  }
}

@keyframes scroll-dot {
  0% {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(-8px);
  }

  45% {
    opacity: 1;
  }

  100% {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(10px);
  }
}

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .utility-inner {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    padding: 8px 0;
  }

  .header-inner {
    min-height: 82px;
  }

  .brand-logo-group {
    gap: 10px;
  }

  .ku-logo-frame {
    width: 64px;
    min-height: 64px;
  }

  .ku-logo-frame--university {
    width: 150px;
    min-height: 64px;
  }

  .ku-logo-university {
    max-width: 132px;
    max-height: 46px;
  }

  .lab-title {
    padding-left: 16px;
  }

  .lab-title-mark {
    width: 70px;
    height: 52px;
  }

  .nav-toggle {
    display: block;
  }

  .primary-nav {
    display: none;
    justify-content: stretch;
  }

  .primary-nav.is-open {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }

  .primary-nav > a {
    min-width: 0;
    padding: 22px 18px;
    font-size: 1rem;
  }

  .subnav-strip.is-visible {
    min-height: auto;
  }

  .subnav-set.is-active {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
  }

  .subnav-set a {
    min-width: 0;
    padding: 14px 18px;
  }

  .hero-content,
  .notice-inner,
  .about-us-content,
  .home-focus-inner,
  .calendar-service,
  .member-layout,
  .contact-inner,
  .research-card-grid,
  .research-detail-body,
  .research-topic-section,
  .team-feature,
  .principal-profile,
  .gallery-modal-panel,
  .member-profile {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .publication-item,
  .publication-item.collection-card {
    grid-template-columns: 130px 44px minmax(0, 1fr);
  }

  .publication-item time,
  .publication-link,
  .publication-item .remove-card {
    grid-column: 3;
  }

  .hero-content {
    align-items: center;
    min-height: min(720px, 86dvh);
    padding: 88px 0 98px;
    transform: translate3d(var(--hero-shift-x), calc(var(--hero-shift-y) - 24px), 0);
  }

  .hero-corner-logo-box {
    top: 94px;
    left: 26px;
    width: 150px;
  }

  .hero-carousel-controls {
    bottom: 72px;
  }

  .home-focus-inner {
    min-height: auto;
    padding: 68px 0;
  }

  .home-focus-orbit {
    top: 40px;
    right: 24px;
    width: 180px;
    height: 180px;
    opacity: 0.44;
  }

  .info-grid,
  .research-list,
  .member-directory,
  .alumni-list,
  .lab-members-page .member-grid,
  .researcher-page .member-grid,
  .news-list {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }

  .research-topic-section.alternate .research-topic-media {
    order: 0;
  }

  .research-detail-figure.wide,
  .research-publications {
    grid-column: auto;
  }

  .section-title {
    display: grid;
  }

  .section-title p {
    text-align: left;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 680px) {
  .utility-spacer,
  .utility-inner span:not(.utility-spacer) {
    display: none;
  }

  .home-dot-nav {
    top: clamp(92px, 50dvh, calc(100dvh - 92px));
    right: 7px;
    gap: 8px;
    max-height: calc(100dvh - 92px);
  }

  .home-dot-nav button {
    width: 10px;
    height: 10px;
  }

  .home-dot-nav button span {
    display: none;
  }

  .ku-brand {
    gap: 12px;
  }

  .brand-logo-group {
    gap: 7px;
  }

  .ku-logo-frame {
    width: 58px;
    min-height: 58px;
    padding: 5px;
  }

  .ku-logo-frame--university {
    width: 116px;
    min-height: 58px;
  }

  .ku-logo-frame--lab {
    width: 62px;
  }

  .ku-logo-university {
    max-width: 104px;
    max-height: 38px;
  }

  .lab-title {
    padding-left: 0;
    border-left: 0;
  }

  .lab-title strong {
    font-size: 1rem;
  }

  .lab-title .lab-tagline {
    display: none;
  }

  .lab-title-heading {
    display: contents;
  }

  .lab-title-mark {
    width: 54px;
    height: 40px;
  }

  .hero,
  .hero-content {
    min-height: auto;
  }

  .hero-content {
    padding: 78px 0 92px;
    transform: translate3d(var(--hero-shift-x), calc(var(--hero-shift-y) - 14px), 0);
  }

  .hero-corner-logo-box {
    top: 70px;
    left: 18px;
    width: 116px;
  }

  .hero-carousel-controls {
    bottom: 66px;
    gap: 14px;
  }

  .hero-carousel-controls button.is-active {
    width: 52px;
  }

  .notice-zone {
    margin-top: 0;
  }

  .notice-inner {
    width: 100%;
    gap: 0;
  }

  .about-us-inner {
    padding: 58px 0 54px;
  }

  .about-us-content {
    gap: 26px;
  }

  .about-us-image,
  .research-detail-figure,
  .research-detail-figure.wide {
    min-height: 280px;
  }

  .research-detail-hero {
    min-height: 220px;
    padding: 54px 18px;
  }

  .research-detail-body {
    padding: 48px 0 68px;
  }

  .board-card {
    box-shadow: none;
  }

  #publications .subpage-hero,
  #team-professor .subpage-hero,
  #team-researcher .subpage-hero,
  #team-alumni .subpage-hero,
  #gallery .subpage-hero,
  #contact .subpage-hero {
    min-height: 300px;
  }

  #publications .subpage-inner,
  #team-professor .subpage-inner,
  #team-researcher .subpage-inner,
  #team-alumni .subpage-inner,
  #gallery .subpage-inner,
  #contact .subpage-inner {
    min-height: 300px;
  }

  .board-item,
  .publication-item,
  .publication-item.collection-card,
  .news-list article,
  .news-list article.collection-card,
  .pi-card,
  .contact-list,
  .footer-inner {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .publication-item time,
  .publication-link,
  .publication-item .remove-card {
    grid-column: auto;
  }

  .info-grid,
  .research-list,
  .quick-grid,
  .member-grid,
  .alumni-list,
  .lab-members-page .member-grid,
  .researcher-page .member-grid,
  .editor-actions,
  .news-list {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .info-card {
    min-height: auto;
    border-right: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .section,
  .calendar-service,
  .news-detail {
    padding-top: 64px;
    padding-bottom: 64px;
  }

  .gallery-modal {
    padding: 12px;
  }

  .gallery-modal-panel {
    width: calc(100vw - 16px);
    max-height: calc(100dvh - 16px);
    padding: 14px;
  }

  .gallery-modal-image {
    height: min(64dvh, 620px);
  }

  .gallery-modal-copy {
    max-height: none;
    padding: 6px 2px 0;
  }

  .contact-inner {
    padding: 64px 0;
  }

  .footer-logo-stack {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
  }
}

/* Team visual refresh */
.professor-page .team-section,
.researcher-page .team-section,
.alumni-page .team-section {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.035) 0 22%, transparent 22% 100%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, #ffffff 0%, #fbf7f8 52%, #ffffff 100%);
}

.professor-page .team-section::before,
.researcher-page .team-section::before,
.alumni-page .team-section::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  background:
    linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 0 48%, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.045) 48% 48.35%, transparent 48.35% 100%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, transparent 0 72%, rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.08) 72% 72.4%, transparent 72.4% 100%);
}

.professor-page .team-section > *,
.researcher-page .team-section > *,
.alumni-page .team-section > * {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.professor-page .member-section-title,
.researcher-page .member-section-title,
.alumni-page .member-section-title {
  justify-items: center;
  text-align: center;
}

.professor-page .member-section-title span,
.researcher-page .member-section-title span,
.alumni-page .member-section-title span {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
}

.professor-page .member-section-title span::before,
.researcher-page .member-section-title span::before,
.alumni-page .member-section-title span::before {
  content: "";
  width: 34px;
  height: 3px;
  background: var(--ku-gold);
}

.professor-page .member-section-title h2,
.researcher-page .member-section-title h2,
.alumni-page .member-section-title h2 {
  max-width: 840px;
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

.principal-profile {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(280px, 360px) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 0;
  align-items: stretch;
  max-width: 1120px;
  min-height: 520px;
  padding: 0;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.94);
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.14);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 28px 80px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.14);
  overflow: hidden;
}

.principal-photo {
  min-height: 520px;
  height: 100%;
  border-right: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.24);
  box-shadow: inset 0 -120px 100px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.22);
  transition: transform 260ms ease, filter 260ms ease;
}

.principal-profile:hover .principal-photo {
  filter: saturate(1.08) contrast(1.03);
  transform: scale(1.015);
}

.principal-copy {
  display: grid;
  align-content: center;
  gap: 14px;
  padding: clamp(34px, 5vw, 64px);
  text-align: left;
}

.principal-copy h2 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-size: clamp(2.1rem, 4vw, 3.5rem);
  line-height: 1;
}

.principal-copy h3 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(1.15rem, 2vw, 1.55rem);
}

.principal-copy p {
  max-width: 640px;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1.02rem;
}

.principal-copy ul {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 10px;
  margin: 18px 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  text-align: left;
}

.principal-copy li {
  min-height: 58px;
  padding: 13px 15px;
  color: var(--text);
  background: #fff8fa;
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.14);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--ku-gold);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.profile-highlight-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 18px;
  width: min(1120px, 100%);
  margin: -14px auto 10px;
}

.profile-highlight-grid article {
  min-height: 210px;
  padding: 28px;
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.12);
  border-top: 4px solid var(--ku-red);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 18px 44px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.08);
  transition: border-color 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease;
}

.profile-highlight-grid article:hover {
  border-top-color: var(--ku-gold);
  box-shadow: 0 26px 58px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.14);
  transform: translateY(-6px);
}

.profile-highlight-grid span {
  display: block;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.profile-highlight-grid h3 {
  margin: 12px 0 10px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1.22rem;
}

.profile-highlight-grid p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.profile-timeline {
  max-width: 1120px;
  gap: 18px;
}

.profile-timeline article {
  position: relative;
  grid-template-columns: 230px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 34px;
  padding: 28px 30px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.1);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 14px 36px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.06);
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: border-color 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease;
}

.profile-timeline article::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 5px;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--ku-red), var(--ku-gold));
}

.profile-timeline article:hover {
  border-color: rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.22);
  box-shadow: 0 22px 52px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.12);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.profile-timeline h3 {
  color: var(--ku-red-dark);
}

.member-filter-tools {
  padding: 10px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.82);
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.1);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 14px 34px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.06);
}

.member-filter-tools .filter-button {
  border-radius: 6px;
  transition: background 200ms ease, box-shadow 200ms ease, color 200ms ease, transform 200ms ease;
}

.member-filter-tools .filter-button:hover,
.member-filter-tools .filter-button:focus-visible,
.member-filter-tools .filter-button.active {
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.12);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.researcher-count {
  text-align: center;
}

.member-directory {
  max-width: 1120px;
  gap: 88px 30px;
}

.member-profile {
  isolation: isolate;
  height: 460px;
  min-height: 460px;
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.055) 0 32%, transparent 32% 100%),
    var(--white);
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.13);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 16px 38px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.08);
  transition: border-color 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease;
}

.member-profile::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  left: 0;
  height: 5px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--ku-red), var(--ku-gold));
  z-index: -1;
}

.member-profile:hover {
  border-color: rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.28);
  box-shadow: 0 26px 58px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.14);
  transform: translateY(-8px);
}

.member-profile .member-photo {
  border: 6px solid var(--white);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 34px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.18);
  transition: transform 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease;
}

.member-profile:hover .member-photo {
  box-shadow: 0 22px 42px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.22);
  transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(-4px) scale(1.03);
}

.member-profile-copy {
  grid-template-rows: auto auto minmax(132px, 1fr) auto;
}

.member-profile strong {
  color: var(--ku-red-dark);
  font-size: 1.28rem;
}

.member-profile-copy span {
  display: inline-flex;
  justify-self: center;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 30px;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  background: #fff4f7;
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.12);
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.member-profile-copy p {
  background: rgba(247, 247, 247, 0.58);
  border-top-color: rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.12);
}

.alumni-list {
  max-width: 1120px;
  gap: 26px;
}

.alumni-card {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 340px;
  padding: 36px 28px 30px;
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.055) 0 30%, transparent 30% 100%),
    var(--white);
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.13);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 16px 38px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.08);
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: border-color 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease, transform 220ms ease;
}

.alumni-card::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  left: 0;
  height: 5px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--ku-gold), var(--ku-red));
}

.alumni-card:hover {
  border-color: rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.28);
  box-shadow: 0 26px 58px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.14);
  transform: translateY(-8px);
}

.alumni-photo {
  border: 6px solid var(--white);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 34px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.18);
  transition: transform 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease;
}

.alumni-card:hover .alumni-photo {
  box-shadow: 0 22px 42px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.22);
  transform: translateY(-4px) scale(1.03);
}

.alumni-card strong {
  color: var(--ku-red-dark);
  font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.alumni-card span {
  display: inline-flex;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  background: #fff4f7;
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.12);
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: 0.84rem;
}

.alumni-card p {
  margin: 8px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .principal-profile,
  .profile-highlight-grid,
  .profile-timeline article {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .principal-photo {
    min-height: 420px;
  }

  .principal-copy ul {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .profile-highlight-grid {
    margin-top: 0;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 680px) {
  .principal-profile {
    min-height: 0;
  }

  .principal-photo {
    min-height: 360px;
  }

  .principal-copy {
    padding: 28px;
  }

  .profile-highlight-grid article,
  .profile-timeline article,
  .alumni-card {
    padding: 24px;
  }

  .member-profile,
  .member-directory .member-profile {
    height: auto;
    min-height: 440px;
  }
}

.professor-page .team-section,
.researcher-page .team-section,
.alumni-page .team-section {
  background-color: var(--white);
  background-image:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.035) 0 22%, transparent 22% 100%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, #ffffff 0%, #fbf7f8 52%, #ffffff 100%);
}

.researcher-page .member-directory .member-profile {
  height: 460px;
  min-height: 460px;
  padding: 72px 28px 28px;
}

.researcher-page .member-profile {
  background-color: var(--white);
  background-image: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.055) 0 32%, transparent 32% 100%);
}

.alumni-page .alumni-card {
  background-color: var(--white);
  background-image: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.055) 0 30%, transparent 30% 100%);
}

@media (max-width: 680px) {
  .researcher-page .member-directory .member-profile {
    height: auto;
    min-height: 440px;
  }
}

/* Team text refinement */
.researcher-page .member-filter-tools {
  gap: 0;
  padding: 0;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.12);
  border-radius: 0;
  box-shadow: 0 16px 36px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.08);
}

.researcher-page .member-filter-tools .filter-button {
  position: relative;
  min-width: 178px;
  padding: 17px 22px 18px;
  color: var(--ku-red-dark);
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  border-right: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.1);
  border-radius: 0;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.researcher-page .member-filter-tools .filter-button:last-child {
  border-right: 0;
}

.researcher-page .member-filter-tools .filter-button::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  right: 18px;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 18px;
  height: 4px;
  background: var(--ku-gold);
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: center;
  transition: transform 200ms ease;
}

.researcher-page .member-filter-tools .filter-button:hover,
.researcher-page .member-filter-tools .filter-button:focus-visible,
.researcher-page .member-filter-tools .filter-button.active {
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--ku-red-dark);
  box-shadow: none;
  transform: none;
}

.researcher-page .member-filter-tools .filter-button:hover::after,
.researcher-page .member-filter-tools .filter-button:focus-visible::after,
.researcher-page .member-filter-tools .filter-button.active::after {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

.researcher-page .member-profile-copy span,
.alumni-page .alumni-card span {
  display: block;
  justify-self: stretch;
  min-height: 0;
  margin: 2px auto 8px;
  padding: 0 0 10px;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.75);
  border-radius: 0;
  font-size: 0.94rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  text-align: center;
}

.researcher-page .member-profile-copy span::before,
.alumni-page .alumni-card span::before {
  content: "";
  display: block;
  width: 26px;
  height: 2px;
  margin: 0 auto 8px;
  background: var(--ku-red);
}

.professor-page .profile-timeline h3 {
  color: var(--ku-red-dark);
  font-size: clamp(1.32rem, 1.7vw, 1.58rem);
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.professor-page .profile-timeline p {
  color: #303030;
  font-size: clamp(1.02rem, 1.25vw, 1.13rem);
  line-height: 1.72;
}

.researcher-page .member-profile strong {
  color: var(--ku-red-dark);
  font-size: clamp(1.28rem, 1.6vw, 1.48rem);
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.researcher-page .member-profile-copy p {
  color: #555555;
  font-size: 0.96rem;
  line-height: 1.62;
}

.researcher-page .member-profile-copy small {
  color: var(--ku-red-dark);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
}

/* MFEL-inspired professor layout */
.professor-page .principal-profile {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 398px;
  gap: clamp(42px, 7vw, 92px);
  align-items: center;
  max-width: 1200px;
  min-height: 520px;
  padding: 34px 0 46px;
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  box-shadow: none;
  overflow: visible;
}

.professor-page .principal-photo {
  order: 2;
  width: 398px;
  min-height: 514px;
  height: 514px;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  box-shadow: 24px 24px 0 rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.08), 0 28px 70px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.16);
}

.professor-page .principal-copy {
  order: 1;
  align-content: center;
  gap: 16px;
  margin-left: clamp(24px, 3vw, 44px);
  padding: 0;
  text-align: left;
}

.professor-page .principal-copy h2 {
  color: var(--ku-red-dark);
  font-size: clamp(2.45rem, 4vw, 3.3rem);
  line-height: 1.05;
}

.professor-page .principal-copy h3 {
  position: relative;
  width: max-content;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  padding-bottom: 14px;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-size: clamp(1.24rem, 1.8vw, 1.55rem);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.professor-page .principal-copy h3::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 76px;
  height: 3px;
  background: var(--ku-gold);
}

.professor-page .principal-copy p {
  max-width: 760px;
  color: #333333;
  font-size: 1.08rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.75;
}

.professor-page .principal-copy ul {
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-top: 24px;
}

.professor-page .principal-copy li {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 74px;
  padding: 18px 20px 18px 24px;
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.13);
  border-left: 5px solid var(--ku-red);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 34px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.07);
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.42;
}

.professor-page .principal-copy li:nth-child(2n) {
  border-left-color: var(--ku-gold);
}

.professor-page .profile-highlight-grid {
  margin-top: 2px;
}

.professor-page .profile-timeline {
  margin-top: 16px;
}

.professor-page .profile-timeline article {
  grid-template-columns: 250px minmax(0, 1fr);
  padding: 34px 38px;
}

.researcher-page .member-directory {
  gap: 104px 30px;
}

.researcher-page .member-directory .member-profile {
  height: 480px;
  min-height: 480px;
  padding-top: 104px;
}

.researcher-page .member-profile .member-photo,
.researcher-page .member-directory .member-photo {
  top: -66px;
  width: 142px;
  height: 142px;
  border-width: 7px;
}

/* edit42: Contact map and polished research detail pages */
.contact-map {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 470px;
  padding: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #f7f3f4;
  border: 0;
  box-shadow: 0 24px 70px rgba(18, 6, 10, 0.28);
}

.contact-map iframe {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 470px;
  border: 0;
  filter: grayscale(0.15) contrast(1.05);
}

.contact-map .map-caption {
  position: absolute;
  left: 28px;
  bottom: 28px;
  display: grid;
  justify-items: start;
  max-width: min(520px, calc(100% - 56px));
  gap: 8px;
  padding: 20px 24px;
  color: var(--white);
  background: rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.86);
  border-left: 5px solid var(--ku-gold);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 42px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
}

.edit-mode .contact-map iframe {
  pointer-events: none;
}

.contact-map .map-caption strong {
  font-size: 1.12rem;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.contact-map .map-caption span {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.82);
}

.research-detail-page {
  background:
    linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.055), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 280px),
    #ffffff;
}

.research-detail-body {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(420px, 0.9fr) minmax(0, 1.1fr);
  gap: 38px;
  width: min(1240px, calc(100% - 42px));
  padding: 88px 0 118px;
}

.research-detail-text {
  overflow: hidden;
  align-self: stretch;
  gap: 20px;
  padding: 42px;
  background:
    linear-gradient(140deg, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.06), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 42%),
    #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.15);
  border-left: 0;
  box-shadow: 0 26px 72px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.13);
}

.research-detail-text::before {
  display: none;
}

.research-detail-kicker {
  width: fit-content;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  background: rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.08);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-detail-text h2 {
  margin: 0;
  color: #270710;
  font-size: clamp(1.85rem, 2.7vw, 2.55rem);
  line-height: 1.12;
}

.research-detail-text p {
  color: #2e2a2b;
  font-size: 1.06rem;
  line-height: 1.82;
}

.research-detail-text p:first-child::first-letter {
  color: inherit;
  font-weight: inherit;
}

.research-focus-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-top: 6px;
}

.research-focus-list span {
  padding: 9px 12px;
  color: #5b1026;
  background: #fff5f7;
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.14);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.research-detail-figure {
  align-items: end;
  align-self: stretch;
  min-height: 500px;
  padding: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  background-color: #ffffff;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-position: center;
  background-size: contain;
  border: 12px solid #ffffff;
  outline: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.22);
  box-shadow: 0 28px 74px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.14);
}

.research-detail-figure::after {
  inset: 0;
  border: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(53, 5, 18, 0) 55%, rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.72));
}

.research-detail-figure.wide {
  min-height: 430px;
  background-color: #ffffff;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-position: center;
  background-size: contain;
}

.research-detail-figure .figure-caption,
.research-detail-figure.has-default-figure .figure-caption,
.research-detail-figure.has-custom-image .figure-caption {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  justify-self: stretch;
  opacity: 1;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 18px 22px;
  color: #ffffff;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.9), rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.72));
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.research-detail-figure[data-image-editable="research.nanobioengineering.figure1"] {
  background-image: url("assets/publication-09.jpg");
}

.research-detail-figure.wide[data-image-editable="research.nanobioengineering.figure2"] {
  background-image: url("assets/publication-01.jpg");
}

.research-detail-figure[data-image-editable="research.immunotherapy.figure1"] {
  background-image: url("assets/publication-07.jpg");
}

.research-detail-figure.wide[data-image-editable="research.immunotherapy.figure2"] {
  background-image: url("assets/publication-10.jpg");
}

.research-detail-figure[data-image-editable="research.regenerative.figure1"] {
  background-image: url("assets/publication-04.jpg");
}

.research-detail-figure.wide[data-image-editable="research.regenerative.figure2"] {
  background-image: url("assets/publication-35.jpg");
}

.research-detail-figure.wide[data-image-editable="research.regenerative.figure2"] {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  grid-template-rows: auto auto;
  min-height: 0;
  gap: 18px;
  padding: 18px;
  background-image: none !important;
  background-color: #ffffff;
}

.research-detail-figure.wide[data-image-editable="research.regenerative.figure2"]::before,
.research-detail-figure.wide[data-image-editable="research.regenerative.figure2"]::after {
  position: relative;
  inset: auto;
  content: "";
  display: block;
  justify-self: center;
  width: min(100%, 940px);
  min-height: 0;
  aspect-ratio: 48 / 35;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: 100% 100%;
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.12);
  box-shadow: 0 14px 34px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.08);
}

.research-detail-figure.wide[data-image-editable="research.regenerative.figure2"]::before {
  grid-column: 1;
  grid-row: 1;
  background-image: url("assets/research-regenerative-cardiac-top.jpg");
  background-position: center;
}

.research-detail-figure.wide[data-image-editable="research.regenerative.figure2"]::after {
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 1;
  background-image: url("assets/research-regenerative-cardiac-bottom.jpg");
  background-position: center;
}

.research-detail-figure.wide[data-image-editable="research.regenerative.figure2"] .figure-caption {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  grid-row: 2;
}

.research-publications {
  padding: 40px;
  background:
    linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.04), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 52%),
    #ffffff;
  border-top: 0;
  border-left: 6px solid var(--ku-red);
  box-shadow: 0 24px 64px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.12);
}

.research-publications h2 {
  font-size: clamp(1.45rem, 2.4vw, 2rem);
}

.research-publications ul {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 14px;
}

.research-publications li {
  min-height: 120px;
  background: #fffafb;
  border-color: rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.14);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 26px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.06);
}

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .research-detail-body {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .research-publications ul {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .contact-map,
  .contact-map iframe {
    min-height: 390px;
    height: 390px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 680px) {
  .research-detail-figure.wide[data-image-editable="research.regenerative.figure2"] {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    grid-template-rows: auto auto auto;
    min-height: 0;
  }

  .research-detail-figure.wide[data-image-editable="research.regenerative.figure2"]::after {
    grid-column: 1;
    grid-row: 2;
  }

  .research-detail-figure.wide[data-image-editable="research.regenerative.figure2"] .figure-caption {
    grid-row: 3;
  }

  .research-detail-body {
    width: min(100% - 28px, 1240px);
    padding: 56px 0 82px;
  }

  .research-detail-text,
  .research-publications {
    padding: 26px;
  }

  .research-detail-figure,
  .research-detail-figure.wide {
    min-height: 320px;
    border-width: 8px;
  }

  .contact-map .map-caption {
    left: 16px;
    right: 16px;
    bottom: 16px;
    max-width: none;
  }
}

.researcher-page .member-profile:hover .member-photo {
  transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(-5px) scale(1.035);
}

@media (max-width: 680px) {
  .professor-page .profile-timeline h3 {
    font-size: 1.22rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .professor-page .principal-profile,
  .professor-page .profile-timeline article {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .professor-page .principal-photo {
    order: 1;
    width: min(398px, 100%);
    min-height: 460px;
    height: 460px;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }

  .professor-page .principal-copy {
    order: 2;
    margin-left: 0;
    padding-left: 0;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 680px) {
  .professor-page .principal-copy ul {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .researcher-page .member-directory .member-profile {
    height: auto;
    min-height: 460px;
    padding-top: 100px;
  }

  .researcher-page .member-profile .member-photo,
  .researcher-page .member-directory .member-photo {
    width: 132px;
    height: 132px;
  }
}

/* edit51: richer research detail banners */
.research-detail-hero {
  min-height: clamp(390px, 34vw, 500px);
  place-items: center start;
  padding: clamp(58px, 6vw, 92px) max(36px, calc((100vw - 1240px) / 2));
  isolation: isolate;
}

.research-detail-hero::before {
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 0;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 18% 46%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18), transparent 0 12%, transparent 30%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 78% 22%, rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.16), transparent 0 10%, transparent 31%),
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.91) 0%, rgba(98, 10, 34, 0.78) 38%, rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.55) 70%, rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.72) 100%),
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.09) 1px, transparent 1px) 0 0 / 118px 100%,
    linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08) 1px, transparent 1px) 0 0 / 100% 118px;
  opacity: 1;
}

.research-detail-hero::after {
  right: clamp(-150px, -8vw, -82px);
  bottom: clamp(-240px, -13vw, -130px);
  z-index: 0;
  width: clamp(520px, 46vw, 760px);
  height: clamp(520px, 46vw, 760px);
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.02), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18)),
    repeating-linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.22) 0 1px, transparent 1px 34px);
  clip-path: polygon(22% 0, 100% 12%, 82% 100%, 0 72%);
  transform: rotate(8deg);
  opacity: 0.84;
}

.research-hero-content {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  display: grid;
  width: min(920px, 100%);
  gap: 22px;
  padding-left: clamp(0px, 2vw, 28px);
}

.research-hero-content::before {
  position: absolute;
  top: 10px;
  bottom: 10px;
  left: 0;
  width: 5px;
  content: "";
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--ku-gold), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18));
  box-shadow: 0 0 28px rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.42);
}

.research-hero-index {
  width: fit-content;
  padding: 9px 14px;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.24);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--ku-gold);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
}

.research-detail-hero h1 {
  max-width: 980px;
  text-align: left;
  font-size: clamp(3.2rem, 6.3vw, 6.2rem);
  line-height: 0.95;
}

.research-hero-summary {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 0;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.88);
  font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 1.55vw, 1.3rem);
  line-height: 1.72;
  text-shadow: 0 10px 26px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.32);
}

.research-hero-keywords {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-top: 6px;
}

.research-hero-keywords span {
  padding: 10px 14px;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.22);
  border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(199, 164, 93, 0.76);
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  transition: transform 180ms ease, background 180ms ease, border-color 180ms ease;
}

.research-hero-keywords span:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18);
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.38);
}

.page-panel.is-active .research-hero-index,
.page-panel.is-active .research-detail-hero h1,
.page-panel.is-active .research-hero-summary,
.page-panel.is-active .research-hero-keywords {
  animation: bannerTextIn 720ms ease both;
}

.page-panel.is-active .research-detail-hero h1 {
  animation-delay: 90ms;
}

.page-panel.is-active .research-hero-summary {
  animation-delay: 170ms;
}

.page-panel.is-active .research-hero-keywords {
  animation-delay: 250ms;
}

@keyframes bannerTextIn {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateX(-32px);
  }

  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateX(0);
  }
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .research-detail-hero {
    min-height: 430px;
    padding: 74px 28px;
  }

  .research-hero-content {
    padding-left: 18px;
  }

  .research-detail-hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(2.7rem, 13vw, 4.6rem);
  }

  .research-hero-keywords span {
    font-size: 0.78rem;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    scroll-behavior: auto !important;
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
  }
}

/* edit97: requested alumni/publication/gallery/contact layout updates */
.publication-note {
  margin: 0 0 28px;
  color: var(--text);
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.publication-item,
.publication-item.collection-card {
  grid-template-columns: 360px 42px 68px minmax(0, 1fr) 102px auto;
  gap: 18px;
  padding: 34px 0;
}

.publication-image {
  min-height: 320px;
  border-width: 1px;
}

.publication-item h3 {
  font-size: 1.18rem;
}

.publication-copy {
  gap: 9px;
}

.publication-authors {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 400;
}

.publication-author-highlight {
  font-weight: 800;
}

.publication-journal {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.publication-link {
  padding: 9px 10px;
}

.alumni-page .team-section {
  background: var(--white);
}

.alumni-page .team-section::before {
  content: none;
}

.alumni-list {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 90px;
  max-width: 1040px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.alumni-text-group {
  display: grid;
  gap: clamp(42px, 7vw, 110px);
}

.alumni-text-group h3 {
  margin: 0;
  color: #666666;
  font-size: clamp(1.85rem, 3vw, 2.35rem);
  line-height: 1.15;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.alumni-text-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 22px;
  max-width: 920px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.graduate-alumni .alumni-text-list {
  max-width: 760px;
  gap: 34px;
}

.alumni-text-entry {
  display: block;
  min-height: 0;
  padding: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  box-shadow: none;
  text-align: left;
}

.alumni-text-entry strong {
  color: #000000;
  font-size: clamp(1.08rem, 1.45vw, 1.35rem);
  line-height: 1.35;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.alumni-text-entry p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 1.35vw, 1.28rem);
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.alumni-text-entry .alumni-role,
.alumni-text-entry .alumni-date {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 400;
}

.alumni-text-entry .alumni-date::before,
.alumni-text-entry .alumni-date::after {
  content: none;
}

.graduate-alumni .alumni-text-entry {
  display: grid;
  gap: 18px;
}

.graduate-alumni .alumni-text-entry ul {
  display: grid;
  gap: 18px;
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 34px;
  color: var(--text);
  font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 1.35vw, 1.28rem);
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.alumni-text-entry .remove-card {
  margin-top: 12px;
}

.news-list {
  align-items: start;
}

.gallery-card-copy {
  min-height: 0;
}

.gallery-card-copy h3,
.news-meta {
  display: none !important;
}

.gallery-card-copy p {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  color: var(--text);
  background: transparent;
  border-left: 0;
  font-family: "AppleGothic EB", "AppleGothic", "Apple SD Gothic Neo", "Malgun Gothic", "Noto Sans KR", Arial, sans-serif;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  font-stretch: normal;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  line-height: 1.58;
}

.gallery-modal-copy {
  gap: 14px;
  padding: 22px 14px 22px 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  background: transparent;
  border-left: 0;
  font-family: "AppleGothic EB", "AppleGothic", "Apple SD Gothic Neo", "Malgun Gothic", "Noto Sans KR", Arial, sans-serif;
  font-stretch: normal;
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

.gallery-modal-copy h2 {
  display: block;
  color: var(--ku-red-dark);
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 3.2vw, 3.45rem);
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

.gallery-modal-copy p {
  color: var(--text);
  font-size: clamp(1.18rem, 1.5vw, 1.45rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.gallery-modal-copy time {
  display: block;
  justify-self: start;
  margin-top: 2px;
  padding: 0;
  color: var(--ku-red);
  background: transparent;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.contact-section {
  color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--white);
}

.contact-section:hover {
  background: var(--white);
}

.contact-inner {
  display: block;
  width: min(1120px, calc(100% - 36px));
  padding: 78px 0 104px;
}

.contact-list {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(260px, 1fr));
  gap: 22px;
}

.contact-list div {
  min-height: 148px;
  padding: 28px 30px;
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.16);
  border-left: 5px solid var(--ku-gold);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 42px rgba(53, 5, 18, 0.08);
}

.contact-list div:hover {
  background: var(--white);
  border-color: rgba(138, 21, 56, 0.28);
  border-left-color: var(--ku-red);
}

.contact-list dt {
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.contact-list dd,
.contact-list dd a {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1.08rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.lab-members-page .member-grid.member-directory,
.researcher-page .member-grid.member-directory {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)) !important;
  gap: 30px 24px;
}

.lab-members-page .member-grid.member-directory > .member-profile.collection-card,
.researcher-page .member-grid.member-directory > .member-profile.collection-card {
  width: auto !important;
  max-width: none !important;
  height: auto !important;
  min-height: 540px !important;
  padding: 58px 18px 24px !important;
}

.lab-members-page .member-profile .member-photo,
.researcher-page .member-profile .member-photo {
  width: 112px !important;
  height: 112px !important;
  max-width: 78%;
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.researcher-page .member-profile .member-photo[style*="source-team-13.jpg"] {
  background-position: center 43% !important;
  background-size: 116% auto !important;
}

.lab-members-page .member-profile-copy p,
.researcher-page .member-profile-copy p {
  color: var(--text);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  line-height: 1.58;
}

.gallery-card-copy .gallery-card-line {
  color: var(--text);
  font-weight: 650;
}

.gallery-card-date {
  color: var(--ku-red);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.gallery-card-body {
  color: var(--text);
}

/* edit109: alumni list closer to the original one-line page style */
.alumni-list {
  gap: 92px;
  max-width: 1040px;
}

.alumni-text-group {
  gap: clamp(58px, 7vw, 98px);
}

.alumni-text-group h3 {
  color: #666666;
  font-size: clamp(1.02rem, 1.5vw, 1.18rem);
  line-height: 1.2;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.alumni-text-list {
  max-width: 960px;
  gap: 10px;
}

.graduate-alumni .alumni-text-list {
  max-width: 760px;
  gap: 20px;
}

.graduate-alumni .alumni-text-entry {
  gap: 14px;
}

.graduate-alumni .alumni-text-entry strong {
  font-size: clamp(1.08rem, 1.35vw, 1.22rem);
}

.graduate-alumni .alumni-text-entry ul {
  gap: 8px;
  padding-left: 28px;
  list-style-type: square;
  font-size: clamp(0.98rem, 1.2vw, 1.08rem);
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.undergraduate-alumni .alumni-text-list {
  max-width: 980px;
  gap: 8px;
}

.undergraduate-alumni .alumni-text-entry {
  width: fit-content;
  max-width: 100%;
}

.undergraduate-alumni .alumni-text-entry p {
  white-space: nowrap;
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.22vw, 1.12rem);
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.undergraduate-alumni .alumni-text-entry strong {
  font-size: inherit;
}

.undergraduate-alumni .alumni-text-entry .alumni-role,
.undergraduate-alumni .alumni-text-entry .alumni-date {
  font-size: inherit;
}

/* edit110: force all alumni rows into one rendered line */
.alumni-text-entry,
.graduate-alumni .alumni-text-entry,
.undergraduate-alumni .alumni-text-entry {
  display: block !important;
  width: 100% !important;
  max-width: none !important;
}

.alumni-text-entry .alumni-one-line {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: none;
  margin: 0;
  white-space: nowrap;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.22vw, 1.12rem);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.alumni-text-entry .alumni-one-line strong,
.alumni-text-entry .alumni-one-line span {
  display: inline !important;
  font-size: inherit;
  line-height: inherit;
}

.graduate-alumni .alumni-text-entry .alumni-one-line {
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.22vw, 1.12rem);
}

/* edit112: researcher English/Korean name stack */
.researcher-page .member-profile-copy .member-name-stack {
  display: grid;
  justify-items: center;
  gap: 3px;
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  text-align: center;
}

.researcher-page .member-profile-copy .member-name-stack .member-name-en {
  display: block;
  color: var(--ku-red-dark);
  font-size: clamp(1.22rem, 1.45vw, 1.38rem);
  line-height: 1.08;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.researcher-page .member-profile-copy .member-name-stack .member-name-kr {
  display: block !important;
  justify-self: center;
  min-height: 0;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  color: var(--ku-red-dark);
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  font-size: clamp(0.92rem, 1.05vw, 1.02rem);
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  line-height: 1.18;
  text-align: center;
}

.researcher-page .member-profile-copy .member-name-stack .member-name-kr::before {
  content: none;
  display: none;
}

@media (max-width: 1080px) {
  .lab-members-page .member-grid.member-directory,
  .researcher-page .member-grid.member-directory {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)) !important;
  }

  .publication-item,
  .publication-item.collection-card {
    grid-template-columns: 280px 42px 62px minmax(0, 1fr);
  }

  .publication-link,
  .publication-item .remove-card {
    grid-column: 4;
    justify-self: start;
  }

  .publication-image {
    min-height: 260px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .undergraduate-alumni .alumni-text-entry p,
  .alumni-text-entry .alumni-one-line {
    white-space: normal;
  }

  .lab-members-page .member-grid.member-directory,
  .researcher-page .member-grid.member-directory {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
  }

  .publication-item,
  .publication-item.collection-card {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .publication-image {
    min-height: 360px;
  }

  .publication-link,
  .publication-item .remove-card {
    grid-column: auto;
  }

  .contact-list {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .alumni-text-list,
  .graduate-alumni .alumni-text-list {
    margin: 0;
  }
}